![]() ![]() Shape and symmetry of the chest, anteroposterior to lateral diameter.Lifting the sides of the nostrils could indicate excessive breathing effort. Accessory muscles include scalenes, sternocleidomastoid muscle, and intercostal muscles. Use of accessory breathing muscles while at rest is a sign of respiratory distress.Use of accessory muscles and work of breathing.Conduct a focused interview related to history of respiratory disease, smoking, and environmental exposures.Īsk relevant questions related to dyspnea, cough/sputum, fever, chills, chest pain with breathing, previous history, treatment, medications, etc. Apply principles of asepsis and safety.ġ.Use appropriate listening and questioning skills.Be organized and systematic in your assessment.Confirm patient ID using two patient identifiers (e.g., name and date of birth).Step by Step Assessment Safety considerations: High-pitched, musical noise that sounds like a squeak Harsh, high-pitched sound usually heard on inspiration when upper airway become narrowed Shortness of breath when lying flat and relieved by sitting or standing ![]() Nostrils widen while breathing indicates difficulty in breathing Inadequate amount of oxygen available to the cells Gradual increase and then gradual decrease in depth of respiration followed a period of apneaĬrackling sounds made as air moves through wet secretions in the lungsĪ grating sound or sensation under the skin around the lungs, or in the jointsĬondition in which there is more than the normal amount of air entering and leaving lungsĭecreased rate or depth of air movement into the lungs Incomplete expansion or collapse of a part of the lungs Important terms to know and understand: Adventitious sounds You will need to apply your knowledge in the assessment process. Click the link below to review anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system. Identifying thoracic landmarks is essential to the systematic examination of the respiratory system. Focused assessment techniques will be applied intensively in this system: inspect level of consciousness, agitation, skin color, clubbing fingers, shortness of breath, use of accessory muscles, position and alignment of the spine auscultate breathing sounds palpate position of the trachea, subcutaneous emphysema percuss to assess the underlying structure of the chest. The assessment of the respiratory system includes assessing the thorax, lungs, ventilatory function and oxygenation of the body.
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